'They would have viewed you as an unconditional source of safety and love': Judge begins formal sentencing
Justice Cameron Mander is now beginning the formal sentencing.
He is reading the summary of the offending, outlining briefly how Dickason killed her three children.
Sitting in the dock, Dickason is sitting listening, calmly. She is holding a packet of tissues.
Her parents and other family are listening from the public gallery in the courtroom.
Justice Mander acknowledged Dickason was diagnosed with a major depressive disorder in her teens and had been battling that ever since.
He spoke about her fertility journey and reoccurrences of her depression over the years - before and after Liane and then the twins were born.
She was then seeing a psychiatrist regularly for post-natal depression.
In 2019, Dickason and her husband made the decision to move to New Zealand.
Justice Mander said it was clear Dickason's mental state was "in decline" in the months leading up to the triple murder.
She experienced "intrusive ideations" of harming her children during that time.
Justice Mander said the details of that time and Dickason's personal health issues were "exhaustively traversed" at trial.
He gave only a brief retelling of the information, turning then to speak about the murders.
Justice Mander recapped what the five experts told the jury during Dickason's trial about her mental state in relation to the deaths of the children.
Experts for the Crown conceded she was mentally unwell but not to the degree that she should not be held criminally responsible.
Defence experts said Dickason was so unwell she should be found guilty only of infanticide - or the jury should return a verdict of insanity.
Justice Mander said since the trial he had been provided with three further expert reports about Dickason's current mental state.
They said there was "recognition of the impact of the offending on others" and that she had expressed "remorse and regret" for killing the little girls.
One report said Dickason was experiencing ongoing distress but not to the level she could be diagnosed with PTSD. Her condition was the result of a reaction to the trial and outcome.
Several said the woman remained mentally disordered, the result of her major depressive condition.
The judge spoke about the little girls' personalities and character, Dickason smiling as he spoke.
He also described the impact on Dickason's family.
The judge acknowledged it would have been difficult for Dickason to hear the statements read in court. And he made mention of the letter she wrote him where she expressed her remorse and sorrow at the heartache and harm she had caused.
Justice Mander said under the law he had to hand down a sentence of life in prison - unless doing so would be manifestly unjust to Dickason.
“It is difficult to truly comprehend the devastating effect and grief caused not only by (the girls’) deaths - but from the circumstances in which their lives were taken," the judge told the court.
“I need to acknowledge the grace and stoicism with which Mr Dickason has conducted himself throughout this.
"I also acknowledge the unfathomable loss for both sides of the family … I also need to acknowledge the personal range of emotions and feelings that have been expressed to me regarding this terrible loss- and which no doubt will continue."
Justice Mander turned to the legal framework he must apply to sentencing.
“An offender who was convicted of murder must be sentenced to life in prison unless given the circumstances of the offence and the offender, such a sentence would be manifestly unjust where a life sentence is imposed,” he explained.
“The court must impose a minimum period of imprisonment which may not be less than 10 years and must be the minimum.
“The court considers it necessary to hold the offender accountable, the harm caused, to denounce their conduct.
“There were three victims who, as young children, were particularly vulnerable.
The murders were committed with a high level of brutality.
“Sentencing a parent for the murder of three children is unprecedented in New Zealand ... the children were vulnerable because of their age, but they were entirely dependent upon you as the mother who they look to for care and protection.
“They would have viewed you as an unconditional source of safety and love [and] been entirely unsuspected. The ending represents a fundamental breach of trust.
“Your actions extended over some period.”
Justice Mander considered whether Dickason had acted in anger when she killed Liane, Maya and Karla.
“It was accepted by all the mental health experts and you were suffering from a major depression,” he said.
“I am satisfied your actions were the product of your mental disorder … the balance of your mind was disturbed.
“You found yourself in that isolated mind, lost control, and systematically murdered your three children.
“I do not consider you were lashing out or venting your anger at the children … the systematic and methodical way you did that does not support a finding that you were simply an angry mother.
“I do not discount your experience of anger and frustration at the three little girls acting their age earlier that night. But I consider that was likely to have been a further stress or that added to your sense of hopelessness about the situation.”
He continued: “I accept your counsel's submission ... that night, you were suffering from a major depressive disorder marked by a general sense of hopelessness.
“You were in despair at the situation. You found yourself … isolated without family. And … you saw the only way out as being suicide in which the children had to join you in death … the children's deaths as a means of alleviating a source of stress and despair or some combination of both.”
After considering all of the material and legal points, Justice Mander ruled a minimum non-parole period of 17 years or more would be manifestly unjust.
He then turned to whether a life sentence should be handed down or whether that too would be manifestly unjust in Dickason’s circumstances.
The Crown said the link between Dicakson's mental illness and her conduct was insufficient to rule out a life sentence.
Dickason's lawyers submitted that the brutality of the murder did not preclude a finding that a life sentence would be manifestly unjust.
Justice Mander said ordinarily the murder of three children would point away from a life sentence being manifestly unjust - but he had to consider the killer's mental health along with that in this case.
He said he could not separate Dickason's actions from her illness.
The "appalling murders have to be viewed in the context of the cognitive distortion" she was experiencing at the time.
That distortion was not just causative - but "drove it".